Ключевые слова
устные традиции
экологическая устойчивость
тринадцать сестер богини Манаса
Западная Бенгалия
этносы Индии
Как цитировать
Статистика
Скачивания: 29
Аннотация
В условиях глобализации устойчивое управление кажется насущной потребностью. Люди выставляют себя современными техниками и учеными, а не создателями цивилизации, легко отбрасывая наши народные науки и культуры, которые являются ее опорой. Священные рощи представляют собой народную науку, культуру и технику для смягчения всех жестких ограничений, грубостей и кризисов окружающей среды. Они действуют как природный «антибиотик» для лечения окружающей среды. Устные традиции – это хранилище народных верований. В каждом обществе существуют общие верования, которые не обязательно вынесены на открытую научную арену, но широко приняты социальными сообществами как народная истина. Эти верования представляют собой скрытую нанокультуру нашей физической и культурной среды. С зарождения каждой цивилизации люди сохраняли свои народные истины посредством устной передачи, а во времена глобализации народные верования сформировали культурные ценности и систему в каждом сообществе, которые в первую очередь отражают обычаи, традиции и этническую принадлежность группы. Социальная и территориальная идентичность окаменевает в гробнице народных верований, и в условиях современной мультикультурной и смешанной культуры мира сохранение народных верований приобретает жизненно важное значение. Исследователи хотели бы подчеркнуть важность народных верований в нашей современной среде на примере двух тематических исследований: одно посвящено фестивалю Бога и поклонению священному тамариндовому дереву в деревне Кома, а другое – народной культуре холма Налхати недалеко от Налхати в округе Бирбхум штата Западная Бенгалия.
Библиографические ссылки
Abas, A., Aziz, A., & Awang, A. (2022). A systematic review on the local wisdom of indigenous people in nature conservation. Sustainability, 14(6), 3415. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14063415
Agarwal, M. (2016). Conserving water and biodiversity: Traditions of sacred groves in India. European Journal of Sustainable Development, 5(4), 129–140. https://doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2016.v5n4p129
Anthwal, A., Gupta, N., Sharma, A., Anthwal, S., & Kim, K.-H. (2010). Sacred groves: Traditional way of conserving plant diversity in India. Journal of Environmental Protection, 1(1), 35–44. https://doi.org/10.4236/jep.2010.11005
Bauman, R. (Ed.). (1992). Folklore, cultural performances, and popular entertainments: A communications-centered handbook. Oxford University Press.
Bhagwat, S. A., & Rutte, C. (2006). Sacred groves: potential for biodiversity management. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 4(10), 519–524. https://doi.org/10.1890/1540-9295(2006)4[519:SGPFBM]2.0.CO;2
Bhagwat, S. A., Kushalappa, C. G., Williams, P. H., & Brown, N. D. (2005). A landscape approach to biodiversity conservation of sacred groves in the Western Ghats of India. Conservation Biology, 19(6), 1853–1862. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00248.x
Bhakat, R. K., Sen, U. K., & Pandit, P. K. (2008). Role of a sacred grove in conservation of plants. Indian Forester, 134(7), 866–874. https://doi.org/10.36808/if/2008/v134i7/943
Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, A. C. (1983). Bhagavad-gītā as it is (2nd ed.). The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust.
Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, A. C. (2002). Bhagavad-gītā As It Is. Los Angeles, CA: The Bhaktivedanta Book Trust. Chapter 15, Verse 1 (Purport).
Bhattacharya, F. (1995). La secte des Nāth et le Manasa Maṅgal. Éditions de l'École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales.
Blank, T. J., & McNeill, L. S. (Eds.). (2018). The Routledge encyclopedia of tradition. Routledge.
Boddupalli, R. S., & Sastri, V. V. R. (2015). Sacrificially important trees revealed in the Kṛṣṇa Yajurveda Saṃhitā: Their description and uses. Indian Journal of History of Science, 50(4), 549–564. https://doi.org/10.16943/ijhs/2015/v50i4/48360
Bowman, M. (2004a). Phenomenology, fieldwork, and folk religion. In S. Sutcliffe (Ed.), Religion: Empirical studies (pp. 3–19). Ashgate.
Bowman, M. (2004b). The domain of folk religion. In J. R. Hinnells (Ed.), The Routledge companion to the study of religion (pp. 251–267). Routledge.
Chowdhury, M. M. (2023, December 15). Gift of prophecy: Khona's origin story in Bangla folklore. The Daily Star. https://www.thedailystar.net/life-living/news/khona-the-historical-figure-the-gift-prophecy-3022126
Dallapiccola, A. L. (2002). Dictionary of Hindu lore and legend. Thames & Hudson.
Das, K. (1925). Kāśīdāsī Mahābhārata (S. C. Chattopadhyay, Ed.). Akshaya Press.
Devi Khumbongmayum, A., Khan, M. L., & Tripathi, R. S. (2005). Sacred groves of Manipur, northeast India: biodiversity value, status and strategies for their conservation. Biodiversity & Conservation, 14(7), 1541–1582. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-004-0530-5
Dhaliwal, B. (2023, February 14). The sacred connection between trees and Hinduism. EARTHDAY.ORG. https://www.earthday.org/the-sacred-connection-between-trees-and-hinduism/
Dimock, E. C. (1963). The goddess of snakes in medieval Bengali literature. History of Religions, 3(1), 132–165. https://doi.org/10.1086/462474
Down To Earth. (2015). Coastal chaos. https://www.downtoearth.org.in/environment/coastal-chaos-17099
Dundes, A. (1980). Interpreting folklore. Indiana University Press.
Frembgen, J. W. (1996). The folklore of geckos: Ethnographic data from South and West Asia. Asian Folklore Studies, 55(1), 135–143. https://doi.org/10.2307/1178860
Gadgil, M., & Vartak, V. D. (1975). Sacred groves of India: A plea for continued conservation. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 73, 623–647.
Hazra, G. (2025). Personal communication regarding the sacred tamarind tree, Manasa folklore, and the sacred pit at Koma Village, Birbhum, West Bengal.
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. (2001). Climate change 2001: The scientific basis: Summary for policymakers. Cambridge University Press. https://archive.ipcc.ch/ipccreports/tar/wg1/index.php?idp=5
Kinsley, D. (1988). Hindu goddesses: Visions of the divine feminine in the Hindu religious tradition. University of California Press.
Kochurov, B. I., Chernaya, V. V., & Voronin, R. M. (2022). The evolution of the nature management system and modern trends in its development. Geography and Natural Resources, 43(3), 212–217. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1875372822030064
Kumar, K. K., & Parikh, J. (2001). Indian agriculture and climate sensitivity. Global environmental change, 11(2), 147–154. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0959-3780(01)00004-8
Malville, J. M., & Saraswati, B. (Eds.). (2009). Pilgrimage in the Hindu tradition: Salvific space. Indica Books.
Manu. (1991). The laws of Manu: With an introduction and notes (W. Doniger & B. K. Smith, Trans.). Penguin Books.
McCormick, C. T., & White, K. K. (Eds.). (2011). Folklore: An encyclopedia of beliefs, customs, tales, music, and art (2nd ed.). ABC-CLIO.
Milnes, G. C. (2007). Signs, cures, and witchery: German Appalachian folklore. University of Tennessee Press.
Mishra, B. (2007). Vrikshayurveda (and environmental philosophy). Chapter 5: Religious significance of plantation and rearing of trees, 4. Religious importance of Ashvattha. Wisdom Library. https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/essay/vrikshayurveda-and-environmental-philosophy/d/doc1458476.html
Nalateswari Temple Trust. (n.d.). Joy Maa Nalateswari: Official site of Nalateswari Temple. https://www.nalateswari.com/
Nath, B. (2008, January 20). Khona’s tongue. The Hindu Magazine. http://www.hindu.com/mag/2008/01/20/stories/2008012050230700.htm
Pal, T. (2011). Geographical assessment of sacred groves in Bolpur subdivision. Ethiopian Journal of Environmental Studies and Management, 4(2), 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ejesm.v4i2.6
Pattanaik, D. (2003). Indian mythology: Tales, symbols, and rituals from the heart of the subcontinent. Inner Traditions.
Rig Veda. (2002). (R. T. H. Griffith, Trans.). Motilal Banarsidass. (Original work composed ca. 1500–1200 BCE)
Royc, I. (2025, March 30). Revisiting Khona: The Voice of Wisdom in Ancient Bengal. https://indroyc.com/2025/03/30/khona-the-whispers-of-wisdom-from-ancient-bengal/
Scribd. (2025, September 23). Ramayana textual hist [Document]. https://www.scribd.com/document/241254156/Ramayana-Textual-Hist
Sekh, M. L. (2025). Personal communication, Khadim of Hazarath Anshari Baba Mazar, Borgidanga Sacred Tila, Nalhati, Birbhum, West Bengal, India.
Shackley, M. (2001). Managing sacred sites: Service provision and visitor experience. Continuum.
Singh, S., Youssouf, M., Malik, Z. A., & Bussmann, R. W. (2017). Sacred groves: Myths, beliefs, and biodiversity conservation – A case study from Western Himalaya, India. International Journal of Ecology, 2017, Article 3828609. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/3828609
Sponsel, L. E. (2012). Spiritual ecology: A quiet revolution. Praeger.
srilankholidays. (2015, April 6). Ashok Vatika (The place where Ravana kept Sita captive) [Review of Ashok Vatika]. Tripadvisor. https://www.tripadvisor.in/ShowUserReviews-g23937314-d7289560-r264254674-Ashok_Vatika-Seetha_Eliya_Central_Province.html
Sukumaran, S., & Raj, A. D. S. (2010). Medicinal plants of sacred groves in Kanyakumari district, Southern Western Ghats. Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge, 9(2), 294–299.
Swim, J. K., Clayton, S., & Howard, G. S. (2011). Human behavioral contributions to climate change: Psychological and contextual drivers. American Psychologist, 66(4), 251–264. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023472
Thaker, V. (2022). Biodiversity and ecological assessments: With special reference to community conserved sacred groves in biodiversity conservation and climate resilience. VIDYA: A Journal of Gujarat University, 1(2), 55–61. https://doi.org/10.47413/vidya.v1i2.99
Thoms, W. J. (1996). “Folk-Lore,” from “The Athenoeum”, August 22, 1846. Journal of Folklore Research, 33(3), 187.
VillageInfo. (2026). Koma village, Suri-II, Birbhum, West Bengal. https://villageinfo.in/west-bengal/birbhum/suri-ii/koma/
Vipat, A., & Bharucha, E. (2014). Sacred groves: The consequence of traditional management. Journal of Anthropology, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/595314
Visit My Smokies. (2026, February 6). 5 traditions of Appalachian culture that are still alive in the Smokies today. https://www.visitmysmokies.com/blog/smoky-mountains/traditions-appalachian-culture-still-alive-smokies-today/
Wilkins, W. J. (2004). Hindu mythology: Vedic and Puranic. Kessinger Publishing.
WisdomLib. (2022, December 28). Somalata, Soma-lata, Sōmalatā, Somalatā: 10 definitions. https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/somalata
Wright, J. (Ed.). (1898–1905). The English dialect dictionary (Vols. 1–6). Henry Frowde.
Это произведение доступно по лицензии Creative Commons «Attribution» («Атрибуция») 4.0 Всемирная.
Copyright (c) 2026 Тапас Пал, Дарига Кокеева, Каноккарн Каевнуч, Прабхакар Тхапа